Experimental therapeutics and drug development

Shikonin inhibits cancer cell cycling by targeting Cdc25s

Shikonin, a natural naphthoquinone, is abundant in Chinese herb medicine Zicao (purple gromwell) and has a wide range of biological activities, especially for cancer. Shikonin and its analogues have been repor...

Authors: Shoude Zhang, Qiang Gao, Wei Li, Luwei Zhu, Qianhan Shang, Shuo Feng, Junmei Jia, Qiangqiang Jia, Shuo Shen and Zhanhai Su

Patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who benefit from axitinib dose titration: analysis from a randomised, double-blind phase II study

A prospective, randomised phase II study demonstrated clinical benefit of axitinib dose titration in a subset of treatment-naïve patients treated with axitinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. This analysi...

Authors: Yoshihiko Tomita, Hirotsugu Uemura, Mototsugu Oya, Nobuo Shinohara, Tomonori Habuchi, Yosuke Fujii, Yoichi Kamei, Yoshiko Umeyama, Angel H. Bair and Brian I. Rini

Anti-cancer effect of dung beetle glycosaminoglycans on melanoma

Dung beetle glycosaminoglycan is known to possess anti-aging activities. However, its anti-cancer mechanisms are not fully elucidated yet. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-cancer effect of ...

Authors: Mi Young Ahn, Ban Ji Kim, Ha Jeong Kim, Jang Mi Jin, Hyung Joo Yoon, Jae Sam Hwang and Kun-Koo Park

KRas4B-PDE6δ complex stabilization by small molecules obtained by virtual screening affects Ras signaling in pancreatic cancer

The GTPase KRas4B has been utilized as a principal target in the development of anticancer drugs. PDE6δ transports KRas4B to the plasma membrane, where it is released to activate various signaling pathways req...

Authors: Diana Casique-Aguirre, Paola Briseño-Díaz, Ponciano García-Gutiérrez, Claudia Haydée González-de la Rosa, Reyna Sara Quintero-Barceinas, Arturo Rojo-Domínguez, Irene Vergara, Luis Alberto Medina, José Correa-Basurto, Martiniano Bello, Rosaura Hernández-Rivas, María del RocioThompson-Bonilla and Miguel Vargas

A phase II trial of recombinant MAGE-A3 protein with immunostimulant AS15 in combination with high-dose Interleukin-2 (HDIL2) induction therapy in metastatic melanoma

HDIL-2 is approved for advanced melanoma based on its durable antitumor activity. MAGE-A3 cancer immunotherapeutic (MAGE-A3 CI) is a recombinant MAGE-A3 protein combined with an immunostimulant adjuvant system...

Authors: Jennifer L. McQuade, Jade Homsi, Carlos A. Torres-Cabala, Roland Bassett, Rashmi Murthy Popuri, Marihella L. James, Luis M. Vence and Wen-Jen Hwu

Permeability changes and effect of chemotherapy in brain adjacent to tumor in an experimental model of metastatic brain tumor from breast cancer

Brain tumor vasculature can be significantly compromised and leakier than that of normal brain blood vessels. Little is known if there are vascular permeability alterations in the brain adjacent to tumor (BAT)...

Authors: Afroz S. Mohammad, Chris E. Adkins, Neal Shah, Rawaa Aljammal, Jessica I. G. Griffith, Rachel M. Tallman, Katherine L. Jarrell and Paul R. Lockman

ElectroMotive drug administration (EMDA) of Mitomycin C as first-line salvage therapy in high risk “BCG failure” non muscle invasive bladder cancer: 3 years follow-up outcomes

In case of high grade non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (HG-NMIBC), intravesical BCG represents the first-line treatment; despite the “gold” standard therapy, up to 50% of patients relapse, needing radical cy...

Authors: Marco Racioppi, Luca Di Gianfrancesco, Mauro Ragonese, Giuseppe Palermo, Emilio Sacco and Pier Francesco Bassi

MEF2 plays a significant role in the tumor inhibitory mechanism of encapsulated RENCA cells via EGF receptor signaling in target tumor cells

Agarose encapsulated murine renal adenocarcinoma cells (RENCA macrobeads) are currently being investigated in clinical trials as a treatment for therapy-resistant metastatic colorectal cancer. We have previous...

Authors: Prithy C. Martis, Atira T. Dudley, Melissa A. Bemrose, Hunter L. Gazda, Barry H. Smith and Lawrence S. Gazda

EGF/EGFR upregulates and cooperates with Netrin-4 to protect glioblastoma cells from DNA damage-induced senescence

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant central nervous system tumor. Alkylating agent, temozolomide (TMZ), is currently the first-line chemotherapeutic agent for GBM. However, the sensitivity of G...

Authors: Li Li, Yulun Huang, Yuge Gao, Tengfei Shi, Yunyun Xu, Huini Li, Marko Hyytiäinen, Jorma Keski-Oja, Qiuying Jiang, Yizhou Hu and Zhimin Du

Harnessing soft tissue sarcoma with low-dose pazopanib – a matter of blood levels

Pazopanib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and soft tissue sarcoma. Despite the high inter-patient variability in pharmacokinetic exposure, pazopanib is admini...

Authors: Stefanie L. Groenland, Daniela Katz, Alwin D. R. Huitema and Neeltje Steeghs

The presumed MTH1-inhibitor TH588 sensitizes colorectal carcinoma cells to ionizing radiation in hypoxia

The nudix family member enzyme MutT homologue-1 (MTH1) hydrolyses the oxidized nucleotides 8-oxo-dGTP and 2-hydroxy-dATP and thus prevents the incorporation of damaged nucleotides into nuclear and mitochondria...

Authors: Mosche Pompsch, Julia Vogel, Fabian Classen, Philip Kranz, George Iliakis, Helena Riffkin, Ulf Brockmeier and Eric Metzen

TRPM7 overexpression enhances the cancer stem cell-like and metastatic phenotypes of lung cancer through modulation of the Hsp90α/uPA/MMP2 signaling pathway

Waixenicin A, a bioactive extract of soft coral Sarcothelia edmondsoni, has been shown to be anti-neoplastic. However, its mechanisms of action remain unclear. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) and associated stemness fac...

Authors: Kai Liu, Shao-Hua Xu, Zhao Chen, Qing-Xin Zeng, Zhi-Jun Li and Zhou-Miao Chen

Acyclic retinoid and angiotensin-II receptor blocker exert a combined protective effect against diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in diabetic OLETF rats

Insulin resistance (IR) is closely associated with the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Acyclic retinoid (ACR) targets retinoid X receptor α and reportedly prevents HCC recurrence in clinical pra...

Authors: Norihisa Nishimura, Kosuke Kaji, Mitsuteru Kitade, Yosuke Aihara, Shinya Sato, Kenichiro Seki, Yasuhiko Sawada, Hiroaki Takaya, Yasushi Okura, Hideto Kawaratani, Kei Moriya, Tadashi Namisaki, Akira Mitoro and Hitoshi Yoshiji

CAR-T bridging to allo-HSCT as a treatment strategy for relapsed adult acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia: a case report

Adults with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have a poor prognosis, especially in patients who relapsed within 6 months of complete remission 1 (CR1). Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantat...

Authors: Shupeng Wen, Zhiyun Niu, Lina Xing, Ying Wang, Hang Li, Na Kuang, Jianmin Luo, Xuejun Zhang and Fuxu Wang

Homoharringtonine interacts synergistically with bortezomib in NHL cells through MCL-1 and NOXA-dependent mechanisms

Interactions between the protein synthesis inhibitor homoharringtonine (HHT) and the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib were investigated in DLBCL and mantle cell lymphoma cells (MCL).

Authors: Tri Nguyen, Rebecca Parker, Yu Zhang, Elisa Hawkins, Maciej Kmieciak, William Craun and Steven Grant

Biosimilar filgrastim treatment patterns and prevention of febrile neutropenia: a prospective multicentre study in France in patients with solid tumours (the ZOHé study)

The ZOHé study was a prospective, non-interventional, multicentre study in France to assess the use of biosimilar filgrastim Zarzio® (Sandoz filgrastim) in routine clinical practice in patients at risk of neut...

Authors: Henri Roché, Jean-Christophe Eymard, Abderraouf Radji, Alain Prevost, Rafik Diab, Michele Lamuraglia, Ravaka-Fatoma Soumoudronga, Isabelle Gasnereau and Alain Toledano

Inotuzumab ozogamicin is effective in relapsed/refractory extramedullary B acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Extramedullary involvement of B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (EM-ALL) is a rare occurrence, characterized by dismal outcome and the absence of a defined and shared therapeutic approach. In the landscape o...

Authors: Luca Bertamini, Jacopo Nanni, Giovanni Marconi, Mariachiara Abbenante, Valentina Robustelli, Francesco Bacci, Antonella Matti, Stefania Paolini, Chiara Sartor, Silvia Lo Monaco, Maria Chiara Fontana, Stefano De Polo, Michele Cavo, Antonio Curti, Giovanni Martinelli and Cristina Papayannidis

Fatty acid binding protein 7 may be a marker and therapeutic targets in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

To identify potential therapeutic target in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), we performed a transcriptome analysis. Our analysis showed that fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7) has the highest mean di...

Authors: Kazuhiro Nagao, Nachi Shinohara, Frank Smit, Mirjam de Weijert, Sander Jannink, Yuji Owada, Peter Mulders, Egbert Oosterwijk and Hideyasu Matsuyama

Prophylactic intervention of probiotics (L.acidophilus, L.rhamnosus GG) and celecoxib modulate Bax-mediated apoptosis in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis

Colorectal cancer has been found to be attenuated either with prophylactic manipulation of gut microbiome with probiotics or celecoxib, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug mainly by suppressing early pro-ca...

Authors: Leila Kaeid Sharaf, Mridul Sharma, Deepika Chandel and Geeta Shukla

Successful response to the combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy in cholangiocarcinoma with high tumour mutational burden and PD-L1 expression: a case report

Cholangiocarcinoma, or bile duct cancer, is a gastrointestinal cancer with limited therapeutic options and a poor outcome. Studies have revealed that some major driver genes are associated with cholangiocarcin...

Authors: Haibo Mou, Lanfang Yu, Qin Liao, Xuehua Hou, Yinfang Wu, Qiang Cui, Na Yan, Ruobing Ma, Lingjian Wang, Ming Yao and Kai Wang

Testing for minimal residual disease in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Europe: a clinician survey

In acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the presence of minimal residual disease (MRD) after induction/consolidation chemotherapy is a strong prognostic factor for subsequent relapse and mortality. Accordingly,...

Authors: Arnaud Pigneux, Pau Montesinos, Ze Cong, Xinke Zhang, Anja K. Pownell, Heather Wieffer, Jan McKendrick and Monika Brüggemann

The 2018 Nobel Prize in medicine goes to cancer immunotherapy

Authors: Zong Sheng Guo

The small organic molecule C19 binds and strengthens the KRAS4b-PDEδ complex and inhibits growth of colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide; and in 40% of all cases, KRAS4b-activating mutations occur. KRAS4b is transported by phosphodiesterase-6δ (PDEδ) to the plasma membrane, where it ge...

Authors: Pedro Cruz-Nova, Michael Schnoor, José Correa-Basurto, Martiniano Bello, Paola Briseño-Diaz, Arturo Rojo-Domínguez, Carlos M. Ortiz-Mendoza, Jorge Guerrero-Aguirre, Francisco J. García-Vázquez, Rosaura Hernández-Rivas, María del Rocío Thompson-Bonilla and Miguel Vargas

Sorafenib and docosahexaenoic acid act in synergy to suppress cancer cell viability: a role of heme oxygenase 1

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid that has anticancer activity. Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is a potential therapeutic target due to its cytoprotective activity in cancer ce...

Authors: Yang Jiao, Tanya Watts, Jing Xue, Bethany Hannafon and Wei-Qun Ding

Effects of FGFR gene polymorphisms on response and toxicity of cyclophosphamide-epirubicin-docetaxel-based chemotherapy in breast cancer patients

The chemotherapy resistance and toxicity of chemotherapy are major problems in breast cancer treatment. However, candidate biomarkers for predicting clinical outcomes and better prognosis remain lacking.

Authors: Lu Chen, Huijie Qi, Liudi Zhang, Haixia Li, Jie Shao, Haifei Chen, Mingkang Zhong, Xiaojin Shi, Ting Ye and Qunyi Li

Generation and characterization of MEK and ERK inhibitors- resistant non-small-cells-lung-cancer (NSCLC) cells

The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway is one of the most downregulated pathway in cancer. Inhibitors of RAF and MEK have established clinical use while ERK inhibitors recently faced the clinic. We aimed to generate resi...

Authors: Alice Iezzi, Elisa Caiola, Arianna Scagliotti and Massimo Broggini

Recombinant PAPP-A resistant insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 (dBP4) inhibits angiogenesis and metastasis in a murine model of breast cancer

The Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway plays a role in tumour development and progression. In vivo, IGF1 activity is regulated by the IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). IGFBP4 inhibits the activity of IGF1 b...

Authors: Y. E. Smith, S. Toomey, S. Napoletano, G. Kirwan, C. Schadow, A. J. Chubb, J. H. Mikkelsen, C. Oxvig and J. H. Harmey

Rigor prophylaxis in stage IV melanoma and renal cell carcinoma patients treated with high dose IL-2

Rigors are a significant adverse event during interleukin-2 (IL2) therapy for metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma. Meperidine has been a mainstay for rigor prophylaxis but there is a paucity of data r...

Authors: Brian Khong, Benjamin O. Lawson, Junjie Ma, Cheryl McGovern, Joan K. Van Atta, Abhijit Ray and Hung T. Khong

Low-dose trofosfamide plus rituximab is an effective and safe treatment for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the elderly: a single center experience

Rituximab plus combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) is broadly accepted as standard for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Neve...

Authors: Roland Christian Schelker, Wolfgang Herr, Albrecht Reichle and Martin Vogelhuber

Human mesenchymal stem cells in the tumour microenvironment promote ovarian cancer progression: the role of platelet-activating factor

The tumour microenvironment conferred by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) plays a key role in tumour development and progression. We previously determined that platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) was overe...

Authors: Tong Gao, Yi Yu, Qing Cong, Yisheng Wang, Mingming Sun, Liangqing Yao, Congjian Xu and Wei Jiang

Enhanced antitumor and anti-angiogenic effects of metronomic Vinorelbine combined with Endostar on Lewis lung carcinoma

Conventional chemotherapy is commonly used to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) however it increases therapeutic resistance. In contrast, metronomic chemotherapy (MET) is based on frequent drug administ...

Authors: Rong-Sheng Qin, Zhen-Hua Zhang, Neng-Ping Zhu, Fei Chen, Qian Guo, Hao-Wen Hu, Shao-Zhi Fu, Shan-Shan Liu, Yue Chen, Juan Fan and Yun-Wei Han

Population-based phase II trial of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for up to 5 oligometastases: SABR-5

Oligometastases refer to a state of disease where cancer has spread beyond the primary site, but is not yet widely metastatic, often defined as 1–3 or 1–5 metastases in number. Stereotactic ablative radiothera...

Authors: Robert Olson, Mitchell Liu, Alanah Bergman, Sonya Lam, Fred Hsu, Benjamin Mou, Tanya Berrang, Ante Mestrovic, Nick Chng, Derek Hyde, Quinn Matthews, Chad Lund, Daniel Glick, Howard Pai, Parminder Basran, Hannah Carolan…

Combination of lutetium-177 labelled anti-L1CAM antibody chCE7 with the clinically relevant protein kinase inhibitor MK1775: a novel combination against human ovarian carcinoma

Protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) are currently tested in clinical studies (phase I-III) as an alternative strategy against (recurrent) ovarian cancer. Besides their anti-tumour efficacy, several PKIs have also...

Authors: Dennis Lindenblatt, Nastassja Terraneo, Giovanni Pellegrini, Susan Cohrs, Philipp René Spycher, David Vukovic, Martin Béhé, Roger Schibli and Jürgen Grünberg

Phase II study of neoadjuvant checkpoint blockade in patients with surgically resectable undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma and dedifferentiated liposarcoma

Soft tissue sarcomas are a heterogeneous and rare group of solid tumors of mesenchymal origin that can arise anywhere in the body. Although surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment for patients with loc...

Authors: Emily Z. Keung, Alexander J. Lazar, Keila E. Torres, Wei-Lien Wang, Janice N. Cormier, B. Ashleigh Guadagnolo, Andrew J. Bishop, Heather Lin, Kelly K. Hunt, Justin Bird, Valerae O. Lewis, Shreyaskumar R. Patel, Jennifer A. Wargo, Neeta Somaiah and Christina L. Roland

A new promising way of maintenance therapy in advanced ovarian cancer: a comparative clinical study

There is an urgent need for more novel and efficacious therapeutic agents and strategies for the treatment of ovarian cancer - one of the most formidable female malignancies. These approaches should be based o...

Authors: Vsevolod I. Kiselev, Levon A. Ashrafyan, Ekaterina L. Muyzhnek, Evgeniya V. Gerfanova, Irina B. Antonova, Olga I. Aleshikova and Fazlul H. Sarkar

Postoperative resveratrol administration improves prognosis of rat orthotopic glioblastomas

Although our previous study revealed lumbar punctured resveratrol could remarkably prolong the survival of rats bearing orthotopic glioblastomas, it also suggested the administration did not completely suppres...

Authors: Xue Song, Xiao-Hong Shu, Mo-Li Wu, Xu Zheng, Bin Jia, Qing-You Kong, Jia Liu and Hong Li

Daphnane diterpenes inhibit the metastatic potential of B16F10 murine melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo

Melanoma is one of the most invasive and aggressive types of cancer with a very poor prognosis. Surgery remains the most efficient treatment prior melanoma invasion and metastasis formation. However, therapy b...

Authors: Myra O. Villareal, Yuki Sato, Kyoko Matsuyama and Hiroko Isoda

Low level of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 predicts unfavorable postoperative outcomes in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) expression on prognosis of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) following nephrectomy.

Authors: Pingcuo Laba, Jianfeng Wang and Jin Zhang

Trabectedin arrests a doxorubicin-resistant PDGFRA-activated liposarcoma patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude mouse model

Pleomorphic liposarcoma (PLPS) is a rare, heterogeneous and an aggressive variant of liposarcoma. Therefore, individualized therapy is urgently needed. Our recent reports suggest that trabectedin (TRAB) is eff...

Authors: Tasuku Kiyuna, Yasunori Tome, Takashi Murakami, Kei Kawaguchi, Kentaro Igarashi, Kentaro Miyake, Masuyo Miyake, Yunfeng Li, Scott D. Nelson, Sarah M. Dry, Arun S. Singh, Tara A. Russell, Irmina Elliott, Shree Ram Singh, Fuminori Kanaya, Fritz C. Eilber…

Targeting colorectal cancer cell metabolism through development of cisplatin and metformin nano-cubosomes

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Utilizing cisplatin in CRC is correlated with severe adverse effects and drug-resistance. Combined anticancer drug-treatment, along with, the...

Authors: Mona M. Saber, Abdulaziz M. Al-mahallawi, Noha N. Nassar, Björn Stork and Samia A. Shouman

Rational development of synergistic combinations of chemotherapy and molecular targeted agents for colorectal cancer treatment

The irinotecan-induced phosphokinome changes in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells were used to guide the selection of targeted agents to be tested in combination with irinotecan.

Authors: Diego Tosi, Esther Pérez-Gracia, Salima Atis, Nadia Vié, Eve Combès, Mélissa Gabanou, Christel Larbouret, Marta Jarlier, Caroline Mollevi, Adeline Torro, Maguy Del Rio, Pierre Martineau and Céline Gongora

Natural product derivative Gossypolone inhibits Musashi family of RNA-binding proteins

The Musashi (MSI) family of RNA-binding proteins is best known for the role in post-transcriptional regulation of target mRNAs. Elevated MSI1 levels in a variety of human cancer are associated with up-regulati...

Authors: Lan Lan, Hao Liu, Amber R. Smith, Carl Appelman, Jia Yu, Sarah Larsen, Rebecca T. Marquez, Xiaoqing Wu, Frank Y. Liu, Philip Gao, Ragul Gowthaman, John Karanicolas, Roberto N. De Guzman, Steven Rogers, Jeffrey Aubé, Kristi L. Neufeld…

Novel small molecule SIRT2 inhibitors induce cell death in leukemic cell lines

Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is a member of the sirtuin family, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide⁺-dependent deacylases, which participates in modulation of cell cycle control, neurodegeneration, and tumorigenesis. SIRT2 ex...

Authors: Tomohiro Kozako, Paolo Mellini, Takeo Ohsugi, Akiyoshi Aikawa, Yu-ichiro Uchida, Shin-ichiro Honda and Takayoshi Suzuki

Safety and tolerability of quizartinib, a FLT3 inhibitor, in advanced solid tumors: a phase 1 dose-escalation trial

Quizartinib, an inhibitor of class III receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), is currently in phase 3 development for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) bearing internal tandem duplications in the FLT3 gene...

Authors: Kyriakos P. Papadopoulos, Eytan Ben-Ami, Amita Patnaik, Denise Trone, Jianke Li and George D. Demetri

Investigation of the key chemical structures involved in the anticancer activity of disulfiram in A549 non-small cell lung cancer cell line

Disulfiram (DS), an antialcoholism medicine, demonstrated strong anticancer activity in the laboratory but did not show promising results in clinical trials. The anticancer activity of DS is copper dependent. ...

Authors: Kate Butcher, Vinodh Kannappan, Rajagopal Sharada Kilari, Mark R. Morris, Christopher McConville, Angel L. Armesilla and Weiguang Wang

BET Bromodomain inhibition promotes De-repression of TXNIP and activation of ASK1-MAPK pathway in acute myeloid leukemia

Targeted therapy has always been the focus in developing therapeutic approaches in cancer, especially in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). A new small molecular inhibitor, JQ1, targeting BRD4, whi...

Authors: Yafeng Zhou, Jianbiao Zhou, Xiao Lu, Tuan-Zea Tan and Wee-Joo Chng

Targeting HOX-PBX interactions causes death in oral potentially malignant and squamous carcinoma cells but not normal oral keratinocytes

High HOX gene expression has been described in many cancers, including oral squamous cell carcinoma and the functional roles of these genes are gradually being understood. The pattern of overexpression suggest...

Authors: Christopher Platais, Raghu Radhakrishnan, Sven Niklander Ebensperger, Richard Morgan, Daniel W. Lambert and Keith D. Hunter

Docetaxel facilitates lymphatic-tumor crosstalk to promote lymphangiogenesis and cancer progression

Infiltration into lymphatic vessels is a critical step in breast cancer metastasis. Lymphatics undergo changes that facilitate metastasis as a result of activation of the cells lining lymphatic vessels, lympha...

Authors: Alexandra R. Harris, Matthew J. Perez and Jennifer M. Munson

3-O-Acetyloleanolic acid inhibits VEGF-A-induced lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in an oral cancer sentinel lymph node animal model

Sentinel lymph node metastasis is a common and early event in the metastatic process of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and is the most powerful prognostic factor for survival of HNSCC patients. 3-O

Authors: Jeon Hwang-Bo, Mun Gyeong Bae, Jong-Hwa Park and In Sik Chung

Benzylserine inhibits breast cancer cell growth by disrupting intracellular amino acid homeostasis and triggering amino acid response pathways

Cancer cells require increased levels of nutrients such as amino acids to sustain their rapid growth. In particular, leucine and glutamine have been shown to be important for growth and proliferation of some b...

Authors: Michelle van Geldermalsen, Lake-Ee Quek, Nigel Turner, Natasha Freidman, Angel Pang, Yi Fang Guan, James R. Krycer, Renae Ryan, Qian Wang and Jeff Holst